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Μάθημα 8: Properties of definite integrals- Negative definite integrals
- Finding definite integrals using area formulas
- Finding definite integrals using area formulas
- Definite integral over a single point
- Integrating scaled version of function
- Switching bounds of definite integral
- Integrating sums of functions
- Worked examples: Finding definite integrals using algebraic properties
- Εύρεση ορισμένου ολοκληρώματος χρησιμοποιώντας αλγεβρικές εκφράσεις
- Definite integrals on adjacent intervals
- Worked example: Breaking up the integral's interval
- Worked example: Merging definite integrals over adjacent intervals
- Ορισμένα ολοκληρώματα σε διπλανά διαστήματα
- Functions defined by integrals: switched interval
- Finding derivative with fundamental theorem of calculus: x is on lower bound
- Finding derivative with fundamental theorem of calculus: x is on both bounds
- Functions defined by integrals: challenge problem
- Επανεξέταση ιδιοτήτων ορισμένων ολοκληρωμάτων
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Functions defined by integrals: switched interval
Sal evaluates a function defined by the integral of a graphed function. In order to evaluate he must switch the sides of the interval.
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- [Voiceover] The graph
of f is shown below. Let g(x) be equal to the def intergral from zero to x, of f(t)dt. Now at first when you
see this you're like, wow this is strange, I have a function that is being defined by an integral, a def integral, but one
of it's bounds are X. You should just say well this is okay, a function can be defined any which way, and as we'll see, it's
actually quite straight forward to evaluate this. So g of negative two, g of negative two, and I'll do the negative
two in a different color, g of negative two, what we do is take this
expression over here, this def integral, and
where ever we see an X, we replace it with a negative two. So this is going to be equal to, the integral from zero to X, and I'll write X in a second, f(t)dt. Well X is now negative two,
this is now negative two. So how do we figure out what this is? Before we even look at this graph, you might say okay this
is the region under, the area of the region under the graph, y equals f(t), between
negative two and zero. But you have to be careful, notice, our upper bound here is
actually a lower number than our lower bound right over here. So it will be nice to swap those bounds so we can truly view it
as the area of the region under f(t), above the t axis,
between those two bounds. When you swap the bounds,
this is going to be equal to negative def integral, from negative two, negative two to zero, of f(t)dt, and now what we have right over here, what I'm squaring off in magenta, this is the area under the curve f, between negative two and zero. So between negative two and zero, so that is this area, right over here, that we care about. Now what is that going to be? There's a bunch of different
ways that you could do this, you could split it off
into a square and triangle. The area of this square here is four, it's two by two, make
sure to look at the units, sometimes each square doesn't
represent one square unit, in this case it does, so that's four, and then up here, this is half of four. If it was all of this, that would be four, this triangle is half
of four, so this is two. Or you could view this as base
times height times one half, which is going to be two
times two times one half. So this area is six, so this part is six, but we can't forget that negative sign, so this is going to be
equal to negative six. So g(-2) is negative six.